English Notes
Unit 7 - Women

Noun Clauses with Question Words

Report questions by embedding them as noun clauses.


1. Reminder

B1 question pattern: When did you arrive?
Embed it: I asked when she arrived.

Noun clauses with question words begin with who, what, where, when, why, how and keep statement word order.


2. Form

Direct QuestionEmbedded Clause
Where is he?I wonder where he is.
Why did they leave?Do you know why they left?
How much does it cost?She explained how much it costs.

3. Grammar Tips

  • No inversion inside the clause: who he is (not who is he).
  • Use the correct tense for reported time: She asked why I was running when I dropped my phone.
  • Add if/whether for yes/no questions, but keep question words for open questions.

Pronoun choice

Choose pronouns carefully so the listener knows who is who: He asked who they were waiting for.


4. Practice

  1. Convert five direct questions into embedded clauses using reporting verbs.
  2. Write a paragraph summarising an interview using who, when, why, how clauses.
  3. Combine question-word clauses with modal verbs (e.g., We discussed how we could improve.).

Quick Review

  • Question-word clauses keep statement order (subject + verb).
  • Use them after verbs like ask, wonder, explain, know, decide.
  • Adjust tenses to match the time relationship between the reporting verb and the embedded clause.